E320: Butylated hydroxyanisole (bha)
What is E320?
Butylated hydroxyanisole, known as BHA and labelled E320, is a synthetic antioxidant with a waxy, white to yellowish appearance. It dissolves in fats and oils and protects them from oxidation.
Origin and production
It is produced by chemical synthesis from 4-methoxyphenol and isobutylene.
Why is it used?
BHA slows the development of rancid flavours and odours in fats, helping to extend shelf life. It is used in fats and oils, chewing gum, some processed meats and sausages, snacks, pizzas and other frozen foods, often alongside BHT.
Vegan, vegetarian and halal
BHA is fully synthetic and suitable for vegans and vegetarians. It is not generally a halal or kosher concern.
Safety and regulation
BHA is authorised in the EU only for a limited range of foods with maximum levels, and EFSA's 2011 re-evaluation concluded it is acceptable within its established acceptable daily intake. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified BHA as 'possibly carcinogenic to humans' (Group 2B), based on animal studies.
Written by the Foodlas editorial team with AI assistance and checked against EU Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 and EFSA scientific opinions. Last reviewed: October 14, 2026.
Sources: Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 · EFSA — Food additives · Wikidata
Common in
Products containing E320
