E450: Tetrasodium diphosphate

What is E450?

Tetrasodium diphosphate (E450iii), also called tetrasodium pyrophosphate, is a sodium salt in which two phosphate units are linked together. It is a white, water-soluble, alkaline powder.

Origin and production

It is made by heating disodium phosphate, which is derived from phosphoric acid sourced from phosphate rock.

Why is it used?

It interacts with milk proteins and calcium, which is why it helps instant puddings and desserts set when mixed with cold milk. It also acts as an emulsifying salt, buffer and sequestrant in confectionery, marshmallows, cakes and processed meats and cheeses.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

Tetrasodium diphosphate is mineral in origin and suitable for vegans and vegetarians as a substance.

Safety and regulation

Diphosphates are authorised in the EU with maximum levels and were re-evaluated by EFSA together with other phosphates, which set a group acceptable intake for phosphorus.

Common in