E350: Sodium malates

What is E350?

E350 covers sodium malates, the sodium salts of malic acid, the acid that gives apples their tartness. They are white powders with a mildly salty-sour taste.

Origin and production

Sodium malates are made by neutralising malic acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. Food-grade malic acid is usually produced synthetically, though it occurs naturally in many fruits.

Why is it used?

Sodium malates work as buffers and acidity regulators, softening and stabilising the sourness of acidic products and helping retain moisture. They are often used in sour or acid-coated gummy candies, lollipops and other confectionery and sweet snacks.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

E350 is synthetic and suitable for vegans and vegetarians. It raises no particular halal or kosher concerns, although many gummy products in which it appears contain gelatine.

Safety and regulation

Sodium malates are authorised as food additives in the European Union, generally at quantum satis. They are also permitted in many other jurisdictions.

Common in