E127: Erythrosine

What is E127?

Erythrosine is a synthetic cherry-pink dye belonging to the xanthene family of colours. Labelled E127, it is notable for containing iodine within its molecule.

Origin and production

It is produced by chemical synthesis, by iodinating fluorescein, a compound derived from petrochemical raw materials.

Why is it used?

Erythrosine gives a bright pink to red colour. In the EU, its use is restricted to cocktail cherries and candied cherries, while in other countries it has been used more widely in sweets, cakes, biscuits and frozen desserts.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

Erythrosine is synthetic and contains no animal ingredients, so it is suitable for vegans and vegetarians. It is not generally a halal or kosher concern.

Safety and regulation

In the EU erythrosine is permitted only in cocktail and candied cherries, partly due to its iodine content and its effects on the thyroid seen at high doses in animal studies. In January 2025 the US Food and Drug Administration announced it would revoke authorisation of erythrosine (Red No. 3) in foods.

Common in