E307: Alpha-tocopherol

What is E307?

E307 is alpha-tocopherol, the most biologically active form of vitamin E. It is a fat-soluble, oily, pale yellow substance that readily reacts with oxygen, which is what makes it useful as an antioxidant.

Origin and production

Alpha-tocopherol occurs naturally in vegetable oils, nuts and seeds. The additive E307 is most often produced synthetically, giving a mixture of forms known as all-rac-alpha-tocopherol, although naturally derived forms also exist.

Why is it used?

Manufacturers add alpha-tocopherol to protect fats and oils from going rancid, extending the shelf life of products such as biscuits, cakes, breakfast cereals, filled cereals and protein bars. It is also used to add vitamin E to supplements and fortified foods.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

E307 is synthesised or derived from plant oils and is generally suitable for vegans and vegetarians. It raises no particular halal or kosher concerns, though supplement capsules containing it may use gelatine.

Safety and regulation

Alpha-tocopherol is authorised as an antioxidant in the European Union, and EFSA re-evaluated tocopherols in 2015 without identifying a safety concern at reported uses. It is also widely permitted as a nutrient source of vitamin E.

Common in