E296: Malic acid

What is E296?

Malic acid (E296) is an organic acid with a smooth, lingering sourness. It is the main acid in apples, which is how it got its name from the Latin word for apple, malum.

Origin and production

The naturally occurring form is L-malic acid, but most food-grade malic acid is a synthetic mixture (DL-malic acid) produced from maleic anhydride, a petrochemical.

Why is it used?

Manufacturers use it to give a tart, fruity taste and regulate acidity in sweets, sour gummies, soft drinks, fruit-flavoured snacks and some yogurts. It is often used together with citric acid to create a longer-lasting sour profile.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

Malic acid is synthesised or plant-derived without animal ingredients and is suitable for vegans and vegetarians. It raises no particular halal or kosher issue.

Safety and regulation

Malic acid is authorised as a food additive in the EU and evaluated by EFSA, and is permitted in most foods at levels consistent with good manufacturing practice. Its use is restricted in some foods for infants and young children.

Common in