E300: Ascorbic acid

What is E300?

Ascorbic acid (E300) is the chemical name for vitamin C. It is a water-soluble compound that readily reacts with oxygen, which is why it is useful for protecting other substances from oxidation.

Origin and production

Although it is abundant in fruit and vegetables, commercial ascorbic acid is produced from glucose, typically from corn or wheat starch, using a combination of fermentation and chemical steps.

Why is it used?

As an antioxidant it slows browning and flavour loss in fruit drinks, compotes and cut fruit, and in cured meats it supports colour and curing. It is also widely used as a flour treatment agent that strengthens dough in bread, and it may be added simply to raise vitamin C content.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

Ascorbic acid is produced from plant sugars and is suitable for vegans and vegetarians. It is not generally a concern for halal or kosher diets.

Safety and regulation

Ascorbic acid is authorised as a food additive in the EU and has been evaluated by EFSA, which did not identify a concern at its uses as an additive. It is permitted in most foods without a specific numerical limit.

Common in