E460: Powdered cellulose

What is E460?

Powdered cellulose (E460ii) is purified, mechanically ground cellulose, the structural fibre found in plant cell walls. It is a white, odourless, insoluble powder that absorbs water and oil.

Origin and production

It is usually made from wood pulp or other fibrous plant material, which is purified to remove lignin and other components, then milled into a fine powder.

Why is it used?

It is best known as an anti-caking agent on grated and shredded cheese, stopping the strands from sticking together. It also adds fibre and body to foods and helps control moisture in pizzas, frozen meals and fruit- or vegetable-based products.

Vegan, vegetarian and halal

Powdered cellulose is plant-based and generally suitable for vegans and vegetarians; it is often found in cheese, so the overall product may not be vegan.

Safety and regulation

E460 is authorised in the EU and was re-evaluated by EFSA alongside other celluloses, with no safety concern identified at reported uses. It passes through the gut largely undigested, like dietary fibre.

Common in